Jnt Strke Fghter Prgram Essays

Name: Course: Topic: Date: Q1. In ths categry made a number f chce, frst chse t Replace the Jnt Strke Fghter Prgram wth F-16s and F/A-18s ths s because the Department f Defense (DD) has estmated that the remanng cst fr thse purchases, ncludng the cst t cmplete develpment, wll amunt t abut $300 blln (n nmnal dllars). (All three versns f the arcraft are stll under develpment and wll nt enter peratnal servce fr several years.) DD wuld cancel the F-35 prgram and nstead purchase the mst advanced versns f fghter arcraft already n prductn: the Lckheed Martn F-16 fr the ar Frce, and the Beng F/a-18 fr the Navy and Marne Crps. the ptn wuld save $37 blln n utlays frm 2015 thrugh 2023 f the F-16s and F/A-18s were purchased n the same schedule as that planned fr the F-35s. an addtnal $60 blln n savngs, rughly, wuld accrue frm 2024 thrugh 2037 as the F-35s planned fr thse later years were als replaced wth F-16s and F/A-18s. s that new F-16s and F/A-18s wuld be suffcently advancedIf equpped wth upgraded mdern radar, precsn we apns, and dgtal cmmuncatnst meet the threats that the Unted States s lkely t face n the freseeable future. The extreme sphstcatn f the F-35 and the addtnal techncal challenge f buldng three dstnct types f arcraft wth a cmmn arframe and engne have resulted n sgnfcant cst grwth and schedule delays, and addtnal cst grwth and schedule delays reman a pssblty. The cst f new upgraded F-16s and F/A-18s als culd escalate, but ther lesser techncal challenges (relatve t thse f the F-35) wuld make cmparable cst grwth unlkely. A dsadvantage f ths ptn s that F-16 and F/A-18s arcraft lack the stealth desgn features that wuld help the F-35 evade detectn and hence perate mre safely n the presence f enemy ar defenses. The armed servces wuld mantan sme stealth capabltes, hwever, wth the B-2 bmber and F-22 fghters already n the frce. any greater need fr stealth capabltes that mght arse n the future wuld have t be addressed wth a new systemfr example, stealthy unmanned attack arcraft r lng-range bmbers that the servces als plan t develp. Secnd chce made under defense categry was t Cancel the Grund Cmbat Vehcle and. Defer Develpment f the Lng-Range Bmber. Ths s because develpment f a new bmber wuld be deferred untl after 2023, reducng the need fr new budget authrty by $32 blln thrugh that year. Thse savngs nclude $8 blln the ar Frce has budgeted fr 2015 thrugh 2018 n the mst recent Future Years Defense Prgram, plus $24 blln fr 2019 thrugh 2023. utlay savngs wuld ttal $24 blln frm 2015 thrugh 2023. Ths ptn has advantage f that t wuld free up budgetary resurces fr ther prrtes durng the cmng decade. Fundng wuld nt have t be prvded fr full bmber prductn at the same tme the ar Frce s als plannng t purchase up t 15 KC-46a tankers per year and 80 F-35a fghters per year. Anther chce made under ths categry s t reduce Veteran ncme Securty Benefts. Benefts fr new mltary retrees wuld be cmputed n a 60-mnth average (vs 36 mnths currently). Cvlan retrees benefts wuld be calculated n a 5-year average (vs 3-years currently). Tgether ths wuld save abut $6 blln thrugh 2023. anther ptn wuld elmnate the payment f cncurrent recept f retrement pay and dsablty cmpensatn t mltary retrees, savng $108 blln durng 2015-2018. Replacng f mltary Persnnel wth Cvlans was anther chce made under defense categry. Ths s because replacng 70,000 mltary persnnel perfrmng cmmercal jbs wth 47,000 cvlans wuld save $20 blln. CB says fewer cvlans wuld be needed n these jbs because cvlans have fewer cllateral dutes and d nt generally rtate amng pstns as rapdly as mltary persnnel. Lastly chse t Reduce US Navy Fleet t 230 Shps -$110B. Q2. Frm ths assgnment was able t understand the laws and prcedures under whch Cngress decdes hw much mney t spend each year, what t spend t n, and hw t rase the mney t pay fr that spendng. The Cngressnal Budget act f 1974 lays ut a frmal framewrk fr develpng

Architecture, Building and Planning Term Paper Writing Guidelines

Architecture, Building and Planning Term Paper Writing Guidelines You can produce a supreme quality architecture term paper with proper planning. First of all, you have to decide on an interesting and challenging topic, then find a specific angle and a good thesis statement for the chosen subject matter. Next, make sure to put your ideas in order in a clear and concise outline. Start writing. When you’re done with the first draft, don’t forget to revise and proofread your piece until you are 100% satisfied with the ideas, thoughts and their expression within the text. In the following sections of this architecture term paper guide, we will discuss in turn each of the issues mentioned above. The Topic: How to Choose the Best One Are you unsure what topic would become the best fit for your architecture term paper? It’s time to conduct some research. Take into account the topics related to architecture area and pick on two or three that you find the most attractive. Besides, you can spend some time searching for the articles in architecture magazines or newspapers in order to find out what issues get the biggest buzz in the architecture world today. In the process, ensure to keep in mind the length of your term paper and do your best to select the topic that you can explore in detail without producing too little or too much prose. Stay away from the issues that have been already done to death. Give your preference to something fresh and slightly explored or something popular and then research the topic from a completely different perspective. The point here is that a relevant, insightful and captivating topic will motivate you to get started as soon as possible and will make it easier to collect supporting evidence. And here are a few suggestions: What Are the Types of Architecture that Are Established According to the Needs of Its Different Institutions? Vernacular Architecture and Its Straightforwardly Utilitarian Design; The Impact of Globalization on Architecture and Architectural Ethics; Using Recent Architecture Innovations: What Is the Downside of Architecture Inventions in Modern World? Do Digital Tools Make Architects Less/More Productive at Studying or Work? Rampant Imagination in the Field of Architecture: Should be There Any Limits? The Peculiarities Of Light As a Quality in Architecture; Has The Modern Architecture Changed the Way People Live? The Impact of Globalization on Contemporary Architecture. The Importance of a Thesis Statement for Architecture Term Paper If you happen to choose the topic that is quite broad, make certain to narrow it down now. An effective architecture term paper should take a certain angle on a more general topic or cover only one aspect of it. It’s necessary to sum up your topic into a single sentence i.e. the thesis statement. Compose your thesis statement with due attention since it’s the trickiest part to produce. According to the manual provided by The Tutoring Center Bucks County Community College, the thesis sets the overall point of your term paper. Craft it in accordance with the type of the project you’re assigned with. The thing is that not every term paper teaches, and not every term paper persuades. The key goal of your architecture term paper will help you to tailor the best thesis statement. Analytical: This type of term paper breaks down a complex topic in order to better research and understand one. For instance: â€Å"The types of architecture depend upon social formations and may be classified in accordance with the role of the patron in the community.† Expository: The term paper of this kind illustrates or teaches a certain point. For instance: â€Å"The most impressive monuments are the so-called stÃ… «pas that are of gigantic size and have considerable antiquity but usually reconstructed throughout the centuries.† Argumentative: The architecture term paper of an argumentative type makes a claim, or supports a viewpoint, to change the opinions of the other people. For instance: â€Å"Even though contemporary architecture hadn’t allowed the expression of conflicts of function between various spaces, in deconstruction, it permits intersecting angled beams and clash of various functionless spaces.† Find a good place for a thesis statement. Taking into account the role that the thesis plays, it should be placed at the beginning of the term paper, usually at the end of the first paragraph. Even though many of your readers may expect to see the thesis statement somewhere at the end of the opening paragraph, the actual location depends on a range of factors like the length of the intro or the term paper itself. How to Prepare an Impressive Introduction An introduction of the architecture term paper provides an overall review of your project, as well as includes a couple of slightly different issues from the abstract. It introduces the topic and sets one in a broader context, narrowing the topic down to a particular research issue, hypothesis and thesis. A complete introduction explains how the author is going to handle the research problem, as well as provides the hints to make the target readers want to read more and more of your work. Feel free to introduce the architecture topic through a quotation, a historical fact or an anecdote. When working on architecture or science term paper, you can find dozens of ways to start your intro and announce the topic. An illustrative quotation or anecdote can generate interest in your project and demonstrate an engaging author’s style. Humor is a great way to hook your audience. If you use an entertaining quotation, ensure it’s short and relevant for your research. If you work on â€Å"The Development of Architecture Design in the 20th Century†, mentioning the following words would be good: â€Å"Good design is all about making other designers feel like idiots because the idea wasnt theirs.† (Frank Chimero) or A doctor can bury his mistakes but an architect can only advise his clients to plant vines.† (Frank Lloyd Wright). Like in thousands of Hollywood movies, the first task in this section is to set the initial scene. This will provide your architecture term paper with a context, as well as enable your readers to see how this paper is relevant to the previous research in the area. The introduction can be based on a historical narrative. You can chronologically outline the very first research performed in the field and gradually proceed to the present day. For instance, the first identified architect in history was Imhotep, who lived in 2600 BCE in Egypt. The earliest architecture items in Greece, China or Egypt were the first buildings that allowed us to outsource and store our knowledge. As for the new study researches, mention Carmel Place the micro-unit apartment building provided by â€Å"nArchitects† (New York City), where the classic New York skyscraper is virtuously combined with the loft-like rental apartments look. It is important to assume that your term paper is aimed at the readers, who can boast of having a solid working knowledge of your particular discipline. For instance, a term paper on the creation of the open floor plan-designing rooms that flow and open out into each other Frank Lloyd Wright contributed to needs not go into too much detail about the most famous architect in the U.S. It’s assumed your target readers are already aware of his relationships and beliefs. The Body of an Architecture Term Paper Even though it may sound quite irrational, producing your introduction first may be harder than starting with the central part of your paper. If you begin your architecture project by writing the main points in order to back up your thesis statement, you’ll be able to slightly change and replace your ideas and facts. Ensure to support every thesis statement you make with strong evidence. Taking into account the fact that you’re working on a term paper now, there should not be any issues that you provide that cannot be supported by the points directly from your research. If you inform your readers on the fact that â€Å"In the USA, late 18th century architecture and early 19th century building designs were usually based on Greek and Roman architecture† or that â€Å"A spectacular example of iron-and-glass construction is the well-known Henri Labrouste’s nine-domed reading room that is located at the Bibliothà ¨que Nationale, in Paris†, it’s important to support the claims with the facts provided by the trusted researches like â€Å"Late 18th Century Architecture† and â€Å"Henri Labrouste and the Lure of the Real† respectively. Keep away from using many direct quotes that are too long. Without a doubt, your term paper is based on an in-depth research; however, your task here is to provide your own ideas. Unless the quote you include is 100% necessary, paraphrase and analyze it using your own words instead. Not sure the body of your paper is up to the task? If yes, ensure to isolate the first sentence of every paragraph. Together, they should sound like a complete list of logically structured evidence. Master the Secret of an Effective Conclusion with Architecture Term Paper Tips from Our Experts What is the conclusion of an architecture term paper? Well, it’s one of the crucial moments in the assignment of the type, accomplished in progress of its creation. First of all, you have to draw a parallel between the introduction and the conclusion. These two segments must be interconnected. Start with the justification of relevance and proceed to the argumentation of the research goal, the achievement of which was the result of the term paper. Having described the problems you have solved and the goals you’ve achieved, switch your attention to the results of the practical work. Ensure to substantiate their importance, prove why it was crucial to introduce these actions in practice, as well as argue the personal opinion on the phenomena, processes, and methods of solving the arising problems. At the end of the section, make sure to sketch up the plans for future research, as well as suggest the ways of possible improvement and modernization. A good example of the conclusion for the architecture term paper on â€Å"How Nature Can Provide Reliable and Sustainable Building Solutions† would be the following: â€Å"Green Architecture is the most significant architectural movement at the present moment. As has been seen, the ecological damage caused by modern buildings (mainly by the heating and air-con systems, e.g., by the use of unsustainable materials in the process) can be recorded in real figures, such as the amount of carbon dioxide the modern buildings produce in terms of how much these buildings contribute to global warming. As has been observed, there are tons of pressures on the architects, and on the industry as a whole, to create high-quality buildings. This will only keep on increasing in the future. For that reason, architects, such as Eugene Tsui, who consider buildings as living organisms, are not so far-fetched.† Ensure You’ve Got a Style You use dozens of outside sources? Make sure to find out what citation style is set by your academic institution, APA or MLA (or any other style if you don’t live in the United States). Every style has its own notation system; however, if you’re not sure about the rules, it’s recommended to use one of the manuals available online for APA, Harvard, Chicago or any other style. Peppering your term paper with quotes is a good thing to do, but make sure your â€Å"meal† isn’t too â€Å"hot†. Keep away from cutting and pasting from the projects written by someone else. By all means use the thoughts of the wise men of your field to support our own thinking but avoid saying nothing else but â€Å"N says† or â€Å"N claims†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . Your audience wants to know what the author of the paper says intimately. Sort out the bibliography from the very beginning in order to avoid the last minute panic.

Hygiene Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Hygiene - Essay Example Hygiene simply refers to a science that deals with the preservation of health. Hygiene can also be identified as a set of practices that are associated with, or help in the preservation of health. Hygiene recommendations and requirements will vary under different situations both in society and in the medical field. This is because the perception of hygiene among different ethnic groups or cultures may vary and also the hygiene recommendations in a particular field of medicine may vary from those in a different field. The main reason why hygiene is emphasized on in the medical field is because it reduces the risk of spreading diseases. It controls the multiplication and spread of organisms that cause diseases in everyday life settings. There are different types of hygiene that are essential in the preservation of health, for example, hand hygiene. This is the most common societal form of hygiene. It is also referred to as hand washing and health experts recommend the washing of hands with a hand sanitizer such as soap. Hand hygiene is essential in preventing the spread of diseases in everyday life because the hands come in to contact with many things, such as unclean surfaces, and for this reason, it so happens that hands are more prone to transferring bacteria that will cause diseases. Other forms of hygiene may include food hygiene, laundry hygiene, and personal hygiene among many others. In the field of medicine, hygiene is summed up in to medical hygiene. This refers to the practices which regulate the administration of medicine and medical care. The main agenda of medical hygiene is to minimize the spread of diseases or even to prevent diseases from spreading. For example, if there is a patient who has been diagnosed or is showing symptoms of a particular infectious disease, then the prudent medical hygiene procedure that should be followed is isolation. The medical term used for isolation is quarantine. Hand hygiene is also pertinent to medical hygiene. Me dical practitioners are required to wash their hands before handling a patient. This requirement is emphasized more when one is about to enter an operating room but the role that hand hygiene plays in the general hospital or health care setting cannot be overlooked because some bacteria that spread diseases are easily transmittable. In the 20th century, an outbreak of a number of highly infectious and deadly diseases was experienced. One such disease was Ebola. The rate of transmission of these viruses necessitated the tightening of medical hygiene and since then, such practices as proper disposal of medical waste is a key element in medical hygiene. The Role of Hygiene in Adult Nursing Adult nursing is the field of nursing which deals with and cares for adult patients who are suffering from acute and long term illnesses and diseases (Baughan & Smith, 2009). An adult nurse’s primary duty is to support the patient in their recovery process. This kind of support is offered by t he use of care plans, and by carrying out care procedures and assessment. Apart from this, the adult nurse should educate the patient on how they can promote good health. This is where hygiene comes in. Hygiene is important in adult nursing and any other kinds of medical practice because it also helps the patient to recover from the diseases or illnesses that they are suffering from (Bullock, Clark & Marlone, 2012, p. 344). It is evident that adults, especially those who are well advanced in age, have immune systems and bodies which are more prone to diseases. This is because the immune system weakens gradually as the body itself ages. When an adult patient is infected by disease causing bacteria, they are

Does the mixture of debt and equity in a firm's financial structure Essay

Does the mixture of debt and equity in a firm's financial structure matter Why - Essay Example Primarily the equity shares are issued at ‘Par value’ but subsequent issues are made at premium. The company can finance its capital and revenue expenditure through the issuance of these shares or through its internally generated funds. The shareholder’s equity, as presented in the statement of financial position, comprises of retained earnings and issued and subscribed shares. Retained earnings are the accumulated profits from the period the company was incepted. These retained earnings or internally generated accumulated funds can also be utilized by the company in financing its assets. Debts are classified into current and non-current. Current debts include items such as accounts payable, accruals etc which arise in the normal course of business and pertain to company’s day to day operations. In order to understand the impact of debt in the capital structure of a company, it is imperative that the company should clearly get acquainted with the concept of debt. There is no universal agreement between the financial analysts all across the corporate sector when it comes to identifying what constitute a debt. It is considered a general notion that the long term debt as appearing in the balance sheet of the company constitutes the debt in the capital structure of the company. However, this definition of debt is way too broad and it includes the credits and short term overdraft of the company as well. The impact of debt on the capital structure can be analyzed from two different perspectives of financial accounting and financial management. Educated investors only invests in companies analyze several ratios such as current ratio, quick ratio and debt to equity ratio. Current ratio is quite important from the investor’s perspective as it tells the state of liquidity of the company and would it be able to pay off its long term debts in the future. The most commonly used liquidity ratio, the current ratio, which is calculated by comp aring the current assets and current liabilities. The strengthened the current ratio the more ability the company has to pay its debts and short term obligations over the next 12 months. The asset test, which is also regarded as the quick ratio, is calculated by subtracting the inventory balance from the total current assert balance. Out of the current assets mentioned, inventories are regarded as the one which takes comparatively more time to be converted into cash or cash equivalent. The gearing ratios indicate the level of risk taken by a company as a result of its capital structure. These ratios are a great source of determining the level of financial risk to which the company is exposed and thus helps in reducing it to the optimum. The equity ratio indicates how much of the entity’s assets are financed through the finances generated through the revenue generated from the operations of the entity and raising financing through equity issue rather than acquiring debts or ot her financial institution. In addition to the above, the cost of raising funds in the form of loan acquired from the bank or financial institutions is substantially less as compared to the cost of raising financing through shares or bonds. The cost of raising equity comprises of printing of shares, cost of listing the equity shares on the stock market

TRAVEL PLANS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

TRAVEL PLANS - Essay Example The agency also makes its money from coming up with plans like what is contained in this paper. History of Venice is covered extensively and reasons that make it a tourist destination of choice well documented. A day to day analysis of the two set of couples’ itinerary is provided with distinct activities that make each couple’s experience unique clearly highlighted. A justification for each activity undertaken by the two couples is equally provided to give explanation as to why the chosen activities are of value to the couples. A conclusion of the plan has been drawn and proper references cited in line with the Harvard referencing style. Introduction and purpose of the report The report covers a plan for two related by distinct couples, one that is newly wedded and the parents of the bride. The two clients of are from distinct value segment with newlyweds focusing on romance while the older couple have interest in luxury tourism. This report shows how the 7 P’s of marketing apply in both scenarios with main focus on Price, Promotion and place. Justification for location and activity choices for the two set of clients brings into focus the underlying marketing principles that must be met to achieve value addition to customers. Background General information of the couples 1st client- couple A This is a young newly married couple of between 20-30 years in age who are planning to enjoy their honeymoon in Venice, Italy, for a period of one week. They are scheduled to arrive in Venice on Thursday 30th August 2012 and shall depart on 6th September 2012 having spent one week in Venice as planned. During their stay, they seek to have romance and enjoy each other’s company as is the norm with young newlywed couples, they also desire to be taken in and around Venice and Italy at large to view the serenity and magnificent sights of the country but have to meet the wife’s parents if such need may arise, probably during meals and. They co ntemplate taking some excursions together. 2nd client- Couple B This set of second client includes are persons aged between 50-60 years and are the parents of the wife to the first client who are newly married. They, like their daughter and son-in-law are having a visit to Vince city in Italy and are scheduled to arrive on Thursday the 30th of August 2012 and depart on 6th September 2012, having spent one week of vacation. They are healthy physically and thus can undertake any physical activity on the excursion, unlike the first client, they seek to have luxury holiday while visiting the sights and beautiful places in and around Venice and Italy at large. And just like their son-in-law and daughter, they too would like at some point in their visit, to meet each other if need may be. Value segments (VALS) Value segment is fundamental to marketing and company’s profitability entirely depend on it for they inform the organization on the aspirations, thinking, self images and beh aviors of individuals. They include; basic needs, fairer deal, traditional family life, conventional family life, look at me, something better, real conservatism, young optimism, visible achievement and socially aware (Roy Morgan Research 2012, p1). Couple A In this category of clientele, considering their ages and professionalism, they are still a young couple with ambition and competitiveness in life, seeking to improve their career lives by getting better jobs and thus can travel widely to

The History Of Greek Goddess Athena

The History Of Greek Goddess Athena The history of Greece was filled with gods and goddesses. The greatest god was Zeus, and his daughter Athena showed to be nothing less of him. Athena carried with her the traits of a successor of the great Zeus. She was born right out of his head. Zeus at the time was married to Metis, and she was fated to give birth one of two children- a girl or a boy. If a boy, he would one day prove more powerful than Zeus (Gall and Gall 1). Zeus not wanting that threat, swallowed the pregnant Metis before she could give birth (Gall and Gall 2). Soon Zeus began complaining about headaches and ordered Hephaestus to open up his head. By doing this, Athena sprang from his head, fully grown and dressed in full armor (Gall and Gall 2). Her powers and skills gave her the title of being goddess of war, wisdom, and the practical arts. Even though Ares was the official god of war, she was considered the goddess of war. Unlike Ares, who was known for his madness and furry of war, Athena showed the people a new way of battle, a way being more strategic and intelligent (Gall and Gall 2). Athenas known look depicts her wearing a helmet and carrying the aegis, a round shield or breastplate with Medusas head in the center (Gall and Gall 1) Besides her tactics, Athena also taught the people of Cyrene the art of taming horses, showed Erichthonius how to harness the first war chariots, and was present while Jasons companions were building the first ship Argo (Athena, Greek Goddess of [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦]). Athena uses her abilities of battle to extend her protection not only to individuals but also to entire cities, and those cities in return, symbolize her using the Palladia or statues of herself which had, it was claimed, fallen from heaven (Athena, Greek Goddess of [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦]). Athena also participated in many of the Greek wars, taking part in the war against the giants, killing Pallas and hurling her chariot against Enceladus whom she crushed under the island of Sicily (Athena, Greek Goddess of [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦]). In another battle, she overthrows Ares. Also, in a battle against the titans, the titans threw a dragon at her, but with her mighty shield, flung the dragon into the skies, becoming the constellation Draco (Athena, Greek Goddess of [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦]). After she got armed, Athena mounted on to the chariot of Diomedes, seized the whip and reins herself, and flung the horses against Ares, whom she stretched on the ground with a blow of her spear (Athena, Greek Goddess of [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦]). The aggression of this goddess proved her to be manly. She was the virgin goddess in a world that knew no original sin, no sinfulness sex, no Vestal Virgins (Cavendish 165) Another name Athena possessed was Goddess of Wisdom. In one of her well known stories, Athenas wisdom outmatches Poseidons. Both of them wanted to be honored in the city of Athens, so they decided to compete for the peoples votes on who could give the city the best gift (Moulton 80). Poseidon caused a salt water spring to burst forth, while Athena planted an olive tree (Moulton 80). The people decided that Athenas olive tree, providing both oil and fruits, was of more use to them than Poseidons water fountain (George). Athena is not only honored in one city, but in many others, such as at Elis (Cavendish 166). Even though Athena is honored in more than one city, Athens still remains the one that honors her the most. Inside the temple Parthenon, a 37- foot ivory and gold statue of the goddess Athena was built in her honor (Gall and Gall 5). And Pisistratus, ruler of Athens, put Athenas head on the citys coins, built her a new temple, and made the Great Panathenea more splendid (Cavend ish 162). Almost every god or mortal respected Athena for her abilities, and wisdom was one of the most respected. A symbol representing her was the owl, and it symbolizes wisdom throughout the land (Gall and Gall 1). Besides the owl, the snake and olive branch were her symbols (George). The last name Athena went by was the goddess of the practical arts. She was goddess of many of the arts such as agriculture, navigation, and the production of wool. This included spinning weaving, and needle work. Her excellence of arts inspired the construction of the worlds first ship and the Trojan horse. (Gall and Gall 1) Athena was also credited for the creation of the flute, but she denies it, calling the instrument neither powerful nor beautiful enough. (Athena, Greek Goddess [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦]) Although she was known for many of these arts, the one she excelled in the most was mainly weaving. The most famous story in which Athena shows her weaving and magic skills is Arachnids Challenge. A mortal human lady challenged Athena to a weaving contest, saying that her skills were better than Athenas. At the end, Athena admitted the human ladys skills equaled her own. After hearing this, the lady was so excited, bragging that she had beaten Athena in a weaving contest. Athena, furiou s, used her magic and transformed her into Arachnid, cursed to walk the earth weaving her beautiful threads (Athena, Greek Goddess [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦]). Athenas greatness in the Greek stories stood out among the other Gods. She ruled over victory, wisdom, arts, and commonly known as the war goddess. Athens for particular worshipped her. Though being honored in many other cities, Athens was considered her city, no one elses. The Athenians built a temple, Parthenon, on the Acropolis to honor the goddess, which became one of the greatest shrines in Greek history (Moulton 80). Athena, lives on forever in their hearts, and what she contributed lasts us all an eternity. Modern Greek cities and small towns names derived from Athena. One of the biggest modern references is the great city of Athens. Work Cited Athena, Greek Goddess of Wisdom Craftsmanship. Goddessgift.com. 07 Dec. 2008 . Cavendish, Richard., ed. Man, Myth Magic an illustrated encyclopedia of the supernatural. New York: Marshall Cavendish corporation, 1970. Gall, Timothy, Susan Gall., ed. Greek Roman Mythology. Cleveland, Ohio: The Lincoln Library Press, 2006. George, Roy. The Goddess Athena. Goddess-Athena.org. 2001. 03 Dec. 2008 . Moulton, Carroll., ed. Ancient Greece and Rome. New York: Charles Scribners Sons, 1998.

History of the Computer :: Computers Technology Historical Essays

History of the Computer COMPUTER Generally, a computer is any device that can perform numerical Calculations --even an adding machine, an abacus, or a slide rule. Currently, however, the term usually refers to an electronic device that can use a list of instructions, called a program, to perform calculations or to store, manipulate, and retrieve information. Today's computers are marvels of miniaturization. Machines that once weighed 30 tons and occupied warehouse-size rooms now may weigh as little as three pounds (1.4 kilograms) and can be carried in a suit pocket. The heart of today's computers are integrated circuits (ICs), sometimes called microchips, or simply chips. These tiny silicon wafers can contain millions of microscopic electronic components and are designed for many specific operations: some control an entire computer (CPU, or central processing unit, chips); some perform millions of mathematical operations per second (math oprocessors); others can store more than 16 million characters of information at one time (memory chips). In 1953 there were only about 100 computers in use in the entire world. Today hundreds of millions of computers form the core of electronic products, and more than 110 million programmable computers are being used in homes, businesses, government offices, and universities for almost every conceivable purpose. Computers come in many sizes and shapes. Special-purpose, or dedicated, computers are designed to perform specific tasks. Their operations are limited to the programs built into their microchips. These computers are the basis for electronic calculators and can be found in thousands of other electronic products, including digital watche (controlling timing, alarms, and displays), cameras (monitoring shutter speeds and aperture settings), and automobiles (controlling fuel injection, heating, and air conditioning and monitoring hundreds of electronic sensors). General-purpose computers, such as personal computers and business computers, are much more versatile because they can accept new sets of instructions. Each new set of instructions, or program, enables the same computer to perform a different type of operation. For example, one program lets the computer act like a word processor, another lets it manage inventories, and yet another transforms it into a video game. Although some general-purpose computers are as small as pocket radios, the smallest class of fully functional, self-contained computers is the class called notebook computers. These usually consist of a CPU, data-storage devices called disk drives, a liquid-crystal display (LCD), and a full-size keyboard--all housed in a single unit small enough to fit into a briefcase.

History of Psychology Essay

Despite being an old field of study, psychology is said to have a brief history (Klemm, 2008). Scanning through the history of psychology presents a complexity due to the changing philosophical views characteristic of early psychologists. The evolution of psychology to formal discipline is relatively a new move dating back to the 19th century. In the Western tradition in particular, the late 19th century psychologist greatly influence to psychology as a discipline and laid down the basis for development of the science of psychology. Development of modern psychology The field of medicine and physiology seemed to have paved way for the later development of psychology as a discipline. The works of physicians such as Acmaeon of Croton who had a Pythagorean philosophy related the brain as the center where thought and perception are processed. Acmaeon postulated that every sense organ is has connections to the brain. During 460 BC, Hippocrates came into the scene and disapproved that epilepsy was a demonic possession and instead related this to be a brain pathology inherited along the family line. Such research reflected on the brain as a cause of certain behaviors but there were no empirical studies to prove this (Boeree, 2010). Psychology at this time was therefore not clearly defined as a discipline until mid to late 1800s. In the late 17th century, psychology was gaining popularity in the West and this was to become the beginning of modern psychology which has a scientific perspective. The first psychology laboratory was established in 1875 by Wilhelm Wundt at the University of Leipzig, Germany. This was the establishment that founded psychology as a modern scientific discipline paving way for the development of psychology as a scientific discipline. Wundt upheld that the physical and mental aspects of human beings were interrelated in that each had its opposite counterpart. As Wundt was setting up his laboratory in Leipzig in 1875, William James was also instituting a similar laboratory at Harvard thus making Wundt and James be regarded as the fathers of modern psychology. Wundt carried out various studies on sensation as well as perception and in 1879 he supervised a graduate student in psychology. Later on in 1881, Wundnt established the Philosophische Studien journal. His establishment of the â€Å"Institute for Experimental Psychology† was a notable step forwards towards enhancing psychology as a discipline (Boeree, 2010, para 34). William James is traced as the first American psychologist having born in New York in 1842. Through interacting with other psychologists such as Wundt while in Germany, James would later return to the U. S. and while teaching physiological psychology at Harvard in 1875, he established a psychology lab. Among the philosophers whom James interacted with at Harvard thus influencing his views on psychology included Charles Peirce and Chauncey Wright. Pierce was of the Kant’s philosophy of truth can never be known whereas Wright upheld the idea that behavior was shaped by beliefs as well as survival for the fittest. James’ publications on psychology in the late 1800s and his rise to a professor of psychology established him more to influence modern psychology. For instance, his 1889 text book on The Principles of Psychology was a good foundation on psychology (Boeree, 2010). Two schools of thought propagated by both Wundt and James were to emerge as the pillars of psychology’s school of thought: structuralism and functionalism. While James propagated functionalism, Wundt mainly influence the structuralism school of thought. The functionalism idea was that consciousness is a dynamically changing aspect of human life. Functionalism was looking into how adaptation to the environment depends on human behavior. As a method of direct observation, functionalism was more appraised in this school of thought. Structuralism which was Wundnt’s school of thought was an introspection method of experimental psychology. Although disregarded for long, structuralism lately came to be respected as an important aspect of modern psychology. Structuralism appraises the breakdown of consciousness into detailed aspects such as perception and sensation. The study of both structuralism and functionalism were then explored further psychologists such as E. B. Titchener who upheld structuralism and John Dewey on the functionalism side. Although experimental psychology in the U. S. became more established in the 20th century through establishment of more labs, the 1883 lab at John Hopkins University by G.  Stanley was also advancement in modern psychology (Boeree, 2010). Conclusion Modern psychology is rooted in many disciplines including physiology and philosophy. In fact fathers of modern psychology had a rich philosophical background out of studying and interacting with philosophy scholars. The influence of Kant’s and Darwin’s ideas no doubt shaped Wilhelm Wundt and William James to develop experimental psychology and later the structuralism and functionalism schools of thought which have affected modern psychology greatly.

Current Events Essays

Current Events Essays Current Events Essay Current Events Essay Fall 2010: Dr. Smith Current Event Assignments The goal of the current event assignments is for you to become familiar with how applicable biology is to your daily life. You are required to turn in two current event summaries (15 pts. each), related to biology but on a topic of your interest. You will complete two current event assignments by finding and reading a recent news article (no earlier than the year 2010) from a journal, magazine, newspaper, or news website (ex. latimes. com, ocregister. com, nytimes. com, cnn. com, newscientist. com, sciencedaily. om, sciam. com, etc. ) You must turn in a copy of the article or a link to the direct website of the article if read online. Read the article and write (must be typed) a full 1 page paper (single spaced, 12 font, normal margins) including the following (label each section): 1. Summary of article: Using your own words summarize the key points (address the five W’s: what, where, when, who and why) of the article. Do not just copy from your article, this is plagiarism! 2. What biology topic does this article reference? Clearly state how your article is related to biology. What topic of biology is being covered? How does this information relate to what you have learned in class? 3. How does this article affect you personally? All events affect us in some way. Be creative and open your thoughts as to how current events are related to you (e. g. socially, ethically, emotionally, economically, etc. ). 4. How will this current news affect future generations? Make a prediction about how lives will be affected 20 30 years from now by this current event. Due dates are: Current Events #1: Sep 20 Current Events #2: Dec 6

Atlantic Slave Trade and its effect on economy essays

Atlantic Slave Trade and its effect on economy essays The Atlantic Slave Trades Effect on Africas Economy The African continent has long been a source of slaves for different regions of the earth. From as early as the ninth century Muslim countries benefited from the use of African slavery. Furthermore, the use of slaves has a long history within the continent of Africa itself. In the latter half of the fifteenth century, the meaning of slavery changed forever with the discovery of the New World and European trade on the coast of Africa. In 1472, Portuguese explorers became the first Europeans to arrive in Africa. They brought with them brass and copper, and exchanged these goods for pepper, cloth and slaves. For a short time the Portuguese enjoyed monopoly over the trade with Africa, then in the sixteenth century the English arrived followed by the French and other European nations. The English soon dominated the business of removing young Africans from their native soil to work in mines or on plantations in the New World. This triangular trade between Europe, the New World and Africa allowed the European countries to develop their economies at the expense of the African people. The effects of the Atlantic slave trade on Africas economy were devastating because it permanently created an economic system that diverted resources from the indigenous people. Africans became the ultimate solution to the labor shortage in the New World. The demand for African slave labor arose from the development of plantation agriculture and the demand for miners. Africans had a higher immunity to malaria and yellow fever compared to the Europeans and Native Americans. They were also skilled laborers with experience in tropical agriculture. These factors made them well suited for plantation life and the demand for them continued to increase from the seventeenth century onwards. At first, the E...

ON THE BUS WITH ROSA PARKS RESEARCH PAPER Essay

ON THE BUS WITH ROSA PARKS RESEARCH PAPER - Essay Example y cello in her high school band and visit the White House for the first time in her senior year of high school as a Presidential Scholar (â€Å"Rita Dove†, 2005). Her education included graduating summa cum laude from Miami University in Ohio, two years studying in Germany, taking a Master’s from the University of Iowa and then moving on to teach creative writing at Arizona State University. She had already gained some public recognition through magazines and anthologies before she published her first collection of poetry in 1980. Her third collection won the Pulitzer Prize in 1987. Her career has also included short stories, plays and text for orchestral music (â€Å"Rita Dove†, 2005). Although prolific in her writing, Dove says she doesn’t derive inspiration from any one thing. â€Å"If you wait for inspiration, inspiration’s going to go away and look for more fertile ground to work with† (â€Å"An Online Interview†, 1994). Asked in the same interview for advice for budding writers, Dove adds, â€Å"they can only write what they feel. That doesn’t mean they have to experience it, but to write something because someone else thinks its right, to write for PC reasons, to write because you think you ought to be dealing with this subject, is never going to yield anything that is really going to matter to anyone else.† To understand Dove’s inspirations for poems such as those found in her collection On the Bus with Rosa Parks, it is thus necessary to examine the poems themselves. On the Bus with Rosa Parks is a collection of free verse poems that are loosely connected by the characters featured and the experiences shared. The book has a logical progression. It starts with the individual Lucille as she struggles to give birth alone in her Depression-era home after having been abandoned (temporarily) by her husband Joe. As it develops, Dove increasingly brings in greater involvement with the external world as the children of Lucille and Joe increase

Leftside bias and Holistic effect in face recognition Lab Report

Leftside bias and Holistic effect in face recognition - Lab Report Example One hundred twenty trials were done for each orientation (Upright: Left or Right and Inverted: Left or Right), that is 120 upright images (60 adult and 60 baby images) and 120 inverted images (60 adult and 60 baby images) were shown to the participants. Group data was analyzed using T - test. Results showed a significant difference (p Participant's T-test (two tailed, independent sample) was performed to compare the mean probability of the study group with the null hypothesis (i.e. probability of the participants holding the left-left face as the original face whether the image is upright or inverted is 0.5). In this study, 120 trials were done. Therefore to analyze the group data N = 60 was considered and to analyze individual data N = 120 was considered. For statistical calculations probability of null hypothesis was taken as 0.05. To find out if there was any significant difference between the two groups in terms of chimeric face chosen (left-left or right-right) with respect to how the images are positioned (upright or inverted), an Independent T - test was done. Table 2 and 3 shows the results of the T - tests (also the Descriptive Analysis is shown). Table 2 Descriptive Analysis The Descriptive Analysis showed that greater than 50 percent of the participants chose a left-left chimeric face. This result is in resemblance of the 'left-side bias' observed by Hsiao and Cottrell (2009). Table 3 T-test Results The t-test results revealed a significant difference of participants choosing a left-left chimeric face on both upright and inverted images. Discussion This study was carried out to identify whether the orientation of images upon presentation has a significant effect on the decisions made participants of the facial likeness task. One hundred twenty trials were done for each orientation (Upright: Left or Right and Inverted: Left or Right), that is 120 upright images (60 adult and 60 baby images) and 120 inverted images (60 adult and 60 baby images) were shown to the participants. Group data was analyzed using T - test. To find out if there was